When it comes to skincare, azelaic acid and glycolic acid are both excellent ingredients that offer distinct benefits for your skin. Whether you’re targeting acne, hyperpigmentation, fine lines, or just looking to improve your skin texture, both acids can be incredibly effective.
However, choosing the right one can be tricky. So, how do they compare? Let’s dive deeper into each ingredient to understand how they work, what they target, and which is best suited for your skincare needs.
What is Azelaic Acid?
Azelaic acid is a naturally occurring dicarboxylic acid that’s found in cereal grains like wheat, rye, and barley. It’s also produced by a type of yeast that naturally lives on your skin.
This ingredient may sound unfamiliar, but it’s actually been used in skincare for over 30 years—proving its effectiveness and staying power in the industry.
Benefits of Azelaic Acid
- Acne & Blemishes: Azelaic acid helps prevent clogged pores, reducing the occurrence of acne and breakouts. It also has antibacterial properties that can combat acne-causing bacteria.
- Hyperpigmentation & Dark Spots: By slowing down melanin production, azelaic acid effectively lightens dark spots, sun spots, and post-acne marks, leaving you with an even complexion.
- Rosacea & Redness: It is particularly beneficial for rosacea, as it reduces inflammation and redness, providing a soothing effect for sensitive skin types.
- Gentle Exfoliation: Azelaic acid also promotes gentle exfoliation, allowing for smoother, clearer skin without irritation or excessive peeling.
What is Glycolic Acid?
Glycolic acid is an alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA) that’s derived from sugar cane. It’s a powerhouse ingredient that’s widely used for exfoliation, helping to slough off dead skin cells and reveal fresher, smoother skin beneath.
Benefits of Glycolic Acid
- Exfoliation & Skin Texture: Glycolic acid is highly effective in smoothing skin texture, removing dead skin cells, and revealing a healthier glow.
- Brightening: Regular use can significantly brighten the complexion, addressing dullness caused by dead skin build-up.
- Anti-aging: Glycolic acid encourages collagen production, making it a fantastic anti-aging ingredient, helping to reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.
- Hyperpigmentation: Glycolic acid helps fade sun spots, acne scars, and other discolorations by promoting cell turnover and exposing fresh, even-toned skin beneath.
Key Differences Between Azelaic Acid and Glycolic Acid
Here’s a detailed comparison of azelaic acid and glycolic acid based on their benefits and effects on the skin. This table will help you better understand their key differences and decide which one suits your needs best.
| Aspect | Azelaic Acid | Glycolic Acid |
|---|---|---|
| Best For | Acne, rosacea, sensitive skin | Anti-aging, uneven texture |
| How It Works | Exfoliates gently, fades dark spots | Dissolves dead cells, boosts collagen |
| Skin Type | Sensitive, acne-prone | Normal to oily |
| Exfoliation | Mild | Strong |
| Hyperpigmentation | Fades dark spots | Fades scars, evens skin tone |
| Anti-aging | Minimal effects | Reduces lines, improves firmness |
| Acne & Breakouts | Targets acne | Prevents clogged pores |
| Rosacea & Redness | Calms redness | May irritate |
| Side Effects | Mild irritation | Can cause dryness, redness |
| Usage Tips | Use anytime, gentle clean first | Use at night, apply sunscreen |
Best For
- Azelaic Acid is ideal for acne, rosacea, and sensitive skin. It gently targets inflammation and reduces redness, making it a top choice for those with these skin concerns.
- Glycolic Acid is perfect for anti-aging and improving uneven texture. It’s effective in addressing fine lines and wrinkles, offering a smoother, more youthful complexion.
How It Works
- Azelaic Acid exfoliates the skin gently, fading dark spots and reducing acne breakouts. It’s known for its ability to calm skin, making it suitable for sensitive conditions like rosacea.
- Glycolic Acid dissolves dead skin cells and stimulates collagen production. This leads to improved skin texture and reduced fine lines and wrinkles, enhancing the overall appearance of your skin.
Skin Type
- Azelaic Acid works well for sensitive and acne-prone skin, soothing inflammation and preventing breakouts without irritation.
- Glycolic Acid is best for normal to oily skin. Its stronger exfoliating properties can irritate sensitive skin, so it’s more suitable for individuals with less reactive skin types.
Exfoliation
- Azelaic Acid offers mild exfoliation, ideal for sensitive skin. It helps to keep pores clear and skin smooth without causing irritation.
- Glycolic Acid provides strong exfoliation, removing dead skin cells and improving texture, which is particularly beneficial for those looking to address fine lines and uneven skin tone.
Hyperpigmentation
- Azelaic Acid is highly effective for fading dark spots and hyperpigmentation. It inhibits melanin production, leading to a more even complexion.
- Glycolic Acid helps to fade scars and uneven skin tone, but its effects on pigmentation are less potent compared to azelaic acid.
Anti-aging
- Azelaic Acid has minimal anti-aging effects, mainly improving skin texture rather than directly targeting fine lines or wrinkles.
- Glycolic Acid is excellent for anti-aging, reducing the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles and improving skin firmness through collagen stimulation.
Acne & Breakouts
- Azelaic Acid effectively targets acne, reducing inflammation and bacteria, while also preventing future breakouts.
- Glycolic Acid helps prevent clogged pores, which is important for reducing acne but isn’t as directly effective as azelaic acid in treating active breakouts.
Rosacea & Redness
- Azelaic Acid calms redness and rosacea, making it a top choice for those with these conditions due to its anti-inflammatory properties.
- Glycolic Acid can irritate sensitive skin and may worsen rosacea or redness, so it’s not recommended for these conditions.
Side Effects
- Azelaic Acid may cause mild irritation and redness, especially when first used, but these effects typically subside after continued use.
- Glycolic Acid can cause dryness, peeling, and sun sensitivity, so it’s essential to use sunscreen and gradually introduce it into your routine.
Usage Tips
- Azelaic Acid can be used at any time of the day, but for best results, use it with a gentle cleanser. Start with a lower concentration if you have sensitive skin.
- Glycolic Acid should be applied at night and followed by sunscreen during the day. Begin with a low concentration to avoid irritation and gradually increase use.
How Do Azelaic Acid and Glycolic Acid Work Together?
Can They Be Used Together?
Yes, azelaic acid and glycolic acid can be used together, but with caution. Combining them can enhance your routine’s effectiveness by tackling multiple skin concerns simultaneously.
Azelaic acid works on acne, redness, and pigmentation, while glycolic acid focuses on exfoliating the skin and improving texture. However, because both acids are active ingredients, it’s essential to use them at different times to minimize irritation.
Caution & Tips
To avoid irritation when layering, it’s recommended to use glycolic acid in the evening, as it can make your skin more sensitive to the sun. Azelaic acid, on the other hand, is generally safe to use during the day.
If you have sensitive skin, it may be best to alternate their use in separate routines—glycolic acid one evening and azelaic acid the next—to give your skin time to adjust.
Ideal Combinations
To boost the effects of these acids, try adding niacinamide or hyaluronic acid to your routine.
Niacinamide helps soothe irritation and improve the skin’s barrier, which can counteract the dryness sometimes caused by glycolic acid.
Hyaluronic acid, a powerful humectant, will provide extra hydration and keep your skin plump and moisturized.
How to Use Azelaic Acid and Glycolic Acid in Your Skincare Routine
Azelaic Acid Application
When applying azelaic acid, use it after cleansing and before moisturizing. Apply a thin layer of cream or gel and gently massage it into your skin. Start with a few applications per week to build tolerance and prevent irritation.
Once your skin adjusts, you can use it daily. Be sure to follow up with sunscreen during the day, as azelaic acid can make your skin more sensitive to the sun.
Glycolic Acid Application
For glycolic acid, choose a product like a toner, serum, or exfoliating pad. Apply it to clean skin in the evening, as glycolic acid increases sun sensitivity. It’s best to start with lower concentrations, especially if you have sensitive skin.
Use it 2–3 times a week initially and gradually increase frequency as your skin adapts. Follow up with a nourishing moisturizer to lock in hydration.
Layering Advice
If you plan to use both azelaic acid and glycolic acid, apply glycolic acid first (in the evening) to exfoliate and allow your skin to absorb the acid properly. Wait for a few minutes before applying azelaic acid to avoid potential irritation.
If you’re unsure, alternate their use: glycolic acid in the evening and azelaic acid during the day to allow your skin to recover between applications.
Conclusion
Azelaic acid and glycolic acid both offer unique benefits for skincare. Azelaic acid is great for those looking to address acne, rosacea, and hyperpigmentation, while glycolic acid is perfect for exfoliation, brightening, and anti-aging. Choose the one that best suits your skin concerns for a clearer, smoother, and more radiant complexion.
Want to boost your skincare routine? Explore our premium glycolic and hyaluronic acid products at Zicail or learn more about our skincare line services here.
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